Selected SERDP and ESTCP DNAPL research and demonstration projects in areas of source zone depletion, fractured rock, thermal treatment, in situ chemical oxidation, nanoscale iron, bioremediation, and technology performance evaluation are listed below. Additional information on projects can be found under the Environmental Restoration program area.
 

Understanding DNAPL Source Zones and Plume Responses to Source Depletion

Decision Support System to Evaluate Effectiveness and Cost of Source Zone Treatment
Lead Organization: GSI Environmental, Inc.
Project Status: Completed 2005
 

Development of Assessment Tools for Evaluation of the Benefits of DNAPL Source Zone Treatment
Lead Organization: Tufts University
Project Status: Completed 2008
 

Mass Transfer from Entrapped DNAPL Sources Undergoing Remediation: Characterization Methods and Prediction Tools
Lead Organization: Colorado School of Mines
Project Status: Completed 2007
 

Impact of DNAPL Source Zone Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Assessment of Benefits of Partial Source Removal
Lead Organization: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Project Status: Completed 2009
 

Computational and Experimental Investigation of Contaminant Plume Response to DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Depletion in Porous and Fractured Media
Lead Organization: University of Waterloo
Project Status: Active
 

Practical Cost-Optimization of Characterization and Remediation Decisions at DNAPL Sites with Consideration of Prediction Uncertainty
Lead Organization: University of Tennessee – Knoxville
Project Status: Active
 

Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response
Lead Organization: Tufts University
Project Status: Active
 

Predicting DNAPL Source Zone and Plume Response Using Site-Measured Characteristics
Lead Organization: University of Florida
Project Status: Active
 

The Impact of DNAPL Source-Zone Architecture on Contaminant Mass Flux and Plume Evolution in Heterogeneous Porous Media
Lead Organization: University of Arizona
Project Status: Active
 

Understanding Complexities of Remediation in Fractured Rock

Contaminant Mass Transfer during Boiling in Fractured Geologic Media
Lead Organization: Clemson University
Project Status: Active
 

DNAPL Dissolution in Bedrock Fractures and Fracture Networks
Lead Organization: Shaw Environmental, Inc.
Project Status: Active
 

A Comparison of Pump-and-Treat, Natural Attenuation, and Enhanced Biodegradation to Remediate Chlorinated Ethene-Contaminated Fractured Rock Aquifers
Lead Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Project Status: Active
 

Coupled Diffusion and Reaction Processes in Rock Matrices: Impact on Dilute Groundwater Plumes
Lead Organization: Shaw Environmental, Inc.
Project Status: Active
 

DNAPL Removal from Fractured Rock Using Thermal Conductive Heating (TCH) 
Lead Organization: Naval Facilities Engineering Command – Engineering Service Center
Project Status: Active
 

Demonstration and Validation of a Fractured Rock Passive Flux Meter (FRPFM)
Lead Organization: University of Florida
Project Status: Active
 

Thermal Treatment

Chemical Reactivity, Mass Recovery, and Biological Activity during Thermal Treatment
Lead Organization: Tufts University
Project Status: Completed 2009
 

Treatment through Thermal Conductive Heating
Lead Organization: TerraTherm, Inc.
Project Status: Completed 2009
 

Treatment through Electrical Resistance Heating
Lead Organization: Oregon Health and Science University
Project Status: Active
 

Contaminant Mass Transfer during Boiling in Fractured Geologic Media
Lead Organization: Clemson University
Project Status: Active
 

Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies
Lead Organization: Arizona State University
Project Status: Active
 

DNAPL Removal from Fractured Rock Using Thermal Conductive Heating
Lead Organization: Naval Facilities Engineering Command – Engineering Service Center
Project Status: Active
 

Combining Low-Energy Electrical Resistance Heating with Biotic and Abiotic Reactions
Lead Organization: CDM
Project Status: Active
 

In Situ Chemical Oxidation

Improved Understanding of Fenton-Like Reactions
Lead Organization: Washington State University
Project Status: Completed 2006
 

Reaction and Transport Processes Controlling In Situ Chemical Oxidation of DNAPLs
Lead Organization: Colorado School of Mines
Project Status: Completed 2006
 

Control of Manganese Dioxide Particles Resulting from ISCO Using Permanganate
Lead Organization: Clarkson University
Project Status: Completed 2008
 

Evaluation of Mobility Control Methods for Enhancing the Sweep Efficiency of Injected Subsurface Remediation Amendments
Lead Organization: Colorado School of Mines
Project Status: Active
 

Enhanced Reactant-Contaminant Contact through the Use of Persulfate
Lead Organization: Washington State University
Project Status: Active
 

In Situ Chemical Oxidation for Groundwater Remediation – Technology Practices Manual
Lead Organization: Colorado School of Mines
Project Status: Completed 2010
 

Cooperative Technology Demonstration: Polymer-Enhanced Subsurface Delivery and Distribution of Permanganate
Lead Organization: Clarkson University
Project Status: Active
 

Nanoscale Iron

Fundamental Study of the Delivery of Nanoiron to DNAPL Source Zones in Naturally Heterogeneous Field Systems
Lead Organization: Carnegie Mellon University
Project Status: Active
 

Development and Optimization of Targeted Nanoscale Iron Delivery Methods for Treatment of NAPL Source Zones
Lead Organization: Tufts University
Project Status: Active
 

Emulsified Zero-Valent Nano-Scale Iron Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent DNAPL Source Areas
Lead Organization: Geosyntec Consultants
Project Status: Completed 2010
 

In Situ Bioremediation

Biodegradation of DNAPLs through Bioaugmentation of Source Areas
Lead Organization: Naval Facilities Engineering Command – Engineering Service Center
Project Status: Completed 2008
 

In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Source Areas with Enhanced Mass Transfer
Lead Organization: CDM
Project Status: Completed 2009
 

Reductions in DNAPL Longevity through Biological Flux Enhancement
Lead Organization: Rice University
Project Status: Completed 2009
 

Improving Effectiveness of Bioremediation at DNAPL Source Zone Sites Applying Partitioning Electron Donors
Lead Organization: Naval Facilities Engineering Command – Engineering Service Center
Project Status: Active
 

Enhanced Amendment Delivery to Low Permeability Zones for Chlorinated Solvent Source Area Bioremediation
Lead Organization: GSI Environmental, Inc.
Project Status: Active
 

Technology Performance Evaluation and Prediction

Improved Monitoring Methods for Performance Assessment during Remediation
Lead Organization: Colorado School of Mines
Project Status: Active
 

Diagnostic Tools for Performance Evaluation of In Situ Remediation Technologies
Lead Organization: Malcolm Pirnie
Project Status: Active
 

Estimating Cleanup Times Associated with Combining Source Area Remediation with Monitored Natural Attenuation
Lead Organization: Groundswell Technologies, Inc.
Project Status: Completed 2008
 

Development of a Protocol and Screening Tool for Selection of DNAPL Source Zone Remediation
Lead Organization: Naval Facilities Engineering Command – Engineering Service Center
Project Status: Active
 

Protocol for Selecting Remedies for Chlorinated Solvent Releases
Lead Organization: Colorado State University
Project Status: Active
 

Decision and Management Tools for DNAPL Sites: Optimization of Chlorinated Solvent Source and Plume Remediation Considering Uncertainty
Lead Organization: Clemson University
Project Status: Active
 

Assessment of the Natural Attenuation of NAPL Source Zones and Post-Treatment NAPL Source Zone Residuals
Lead Organization: Arizona State University
Project Status: Active